Annulus Area Calculator

An annulus is the area between two concentric circles, like a washer, a pipe wall's cross-section or a running track. Outer radius 10 and inner radius 6 give an area of about 201.1, a width of 4 and edge length of about 100.5. To find the material in a ring, multiply the area by thickness.

The area is not pi times the width squared: it grows with the average radius.

Annulus Area Calculator: inputs

Calculated result
Ring area201.1
Ring width4
Combined edge length100.5

Annulus Area Calculator: Outer radius sensitivity

Annulus Area Calculator: Outer radius and Ring area5 calculations vary the “Outer radius” input while holding the other entered inputs constant.8889141.410201.11126712339.3

Annulus Area: worked example

Outer radius10
Inner radius6
Ring area201.1
Ring width4
Combined edge length100.5

Annulus Area: formula

Area = π × (R² − r²); ring width = R − r; combined edge length = 2π × (R + r)

Wolfram MathWorld: Annulus

Enter outer radius R and inner radius r in the same length unit, with 0 ≤ r ≤ R. For a washer measured by diameters, halve both first. The combined edge length includes both the inner and outer boundaries; the material face is the region between them.

Annulus Area: changing Outer radius

Outer radiusRing areaRing widthCombined edge length
888288
9141.4394.2
10 (example)201.14100.5
112675106.8
12339.36113.1

Annulus Area: compare input ranges

InputTested fromToRing area: low inputRing area: high inputSwing
Outer radius911141.4267125.7 (63%)
Inner radius5.46.6222.6177.345.2 (23%)

Annulus Area: individual input comparisons

InputValueRing areaRing widthCombined edge length
Outer radius888288
9141.4394.2
10201.14100.5
112675106.8
12339.36113.1
Inner radius4.8241.85.293
5.4222.64.696.8
6201.14100.5
6.6177.33.4104.3
7.2151.32.8108.1

Annulus Area: combined input changes

Outer radius / Inner radius4.867.2
8128.78838.2
9182.1141.491.6
10241.8201.1151.3
11307.8267217.3
12380339.3289.5

Annulus Area: which assumptions move the result?

Annulus Area: Ring area as Outer radius changesRing area starts at 88. Moving Outer radius from 8 to 12 changes it to 339.3, with Inner radius 6 kept fixed.8889141.410201.11126712339.3
Chart quantityDisplayed settings
Outer radius8 → 12
Ring area88 → 339.3
Inner radius6
Annulus Area: Ring area as Inner radius changesRing area starts at 241.8. Moving Inner radius from 4.8 to 7.2 changes it to 151.3, with Outer radius 10 kept fixed.4.8241.85.4222.66201.16.6177.37.2151.3
Chart quantityDisplayed settings
Inner radius4.8 → 7.2
Ring area241.8 → 151.3
Outer radius10

Annulus Area: values and definitions

Quantity and definitionValue used
Outer radius10
Inner radius6
Ring area201.1
Ring width4
Combined edge length100.5

Common error: Multiplying the ring width by the circumference of the outer circle. That ignores the curve of the ring and overstates the area, more so as the ring gets wider.

Concentric circles define an annulus. Subtracting inner-circle area from outer-circle area also gives the remaining area of an off-center circular hole if the hole stays entirely inside, but there is no single uniform ring width then. Overlapping boundaries need a circle-intersection calculation.

Geometry calculators: Regular Polygon Calculator, Rhombus Area Calculator, Hemisphere Volume Calculator, Cone Frustum Calculator, Capsule Volume Calculator, Triangular Prism Volume Calculator.

A ring's area is the big disc minus the hole, and the difference grows faster than the ring is wide. An outer radius of 10 with an inner radius of 6 leaves a ring 4 wide with an area of about 201 square units. A 4 wide ring near the center of a small disc would hold far less.

That is why a washer, a pipe wall and a running track all need the two radii, not just the width.

Measure both radii from the same center. If you have diameters, halve them first, and make sure the inner value is the smaller one.

See the circle area calculator for each circle, the cylinder page for tubes, and the arc length and sector calculator for parts of rings. The sphere, hemisphere and capsule pages cover round solids, and the unit conversion calculators change units.

Is width times average circumference approximate?

For concentric circles it is exact: (R − r) × π(R + r) = π(R² − r²).

How do I find the area of a ring?

Subtract the area of the inner circle from the area of the outer circle: pi times the outer radius squared minus the inner radius squared.

Where do annuli appear in practice?

Washers, pipes and tubes in cross-section, rings, tracks, gaskets and the shaded band around a circular object.

Is the ring's area equal to the width times its circumference?

Exactly, using the mean circumference: width times the mean circumference of the two circles gives the exact area of the ring.